What is gastric bypass?
Gastric bypass is a type of weight loss surgery that involves creating a small pouch from the stomach and attaching the newly created pouch directly to the small intestine.
The first gastric bypass surgery was performed in 1994, and the method of performing this type of surgery is constantly evolving, and the advancement of modern technologies, to become safer and more effective.
Gastric bypass surgery is the ideal option among other weight loss surgeries , as it results in more weight loss than gastric banding, and its results are also superior to the gastric sleeve operation.
This type of operation is characterized by the fact that the weight lost resulting from gastric bypass remains constant in the long term.
Types of gastric bypass surgery
There are several types of gastric bypass procedure, all bypassing the small intestine, and some by reducing the size of the stomach.
- Conventional gastric bypass, divided into proximal or distal gastric bypass.
- Mini gastric bypass.
- Bipartitional Path Conversion (SASI).
In Medika Ray, we help you decide which type of surgery is the best for you; Depending on your condition, medical history, and weight loss goals.
Mini gastric bypass
The mini gastric bypass procedure involves isolating the upper part of the stomach, turning it into a tube, and then attaching it to a loop of intestine.
This technique has become one of the most popular techniques, and the most important characteristic of it is that it can be returned to the original state, in addition to its encouraging results.
Bipartitional Path Conversion (SASI).
The bipartite gastric bypass surgery, or what is medically called SASI, is one of the newest types of gastric bypass surgery. It is called by this name because it divides the food path entering the stomach into two paths:
- The first pathway is the usual pathway for food.
- The second food path is from the stomach directly to the end of the small intestine, bypassing a large part of the intestine.
Laparoscopic bipartite bypass surgery (SASI surgery) involves performing two simultaneous procedures, the sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass, where the surgery is divided into two stages:
The first stage: It is called (gastric sleeve surgery), in which about 80% of the stomach volume is cut, including the stomach lining.
The second stage: It is called (gastric bypass) and takes place in conjunction with the first stage, in which a link or path is created between the stomach and the small intestine, and as a result, the amount of food is determined and reduced as well as the amount of food absorbed from the body.
Gastric bypass after sleeve gastrectomy
If gastric sleeve surgery fails to achieve the patient’s desired weight loss, gastric bypass procedure can be an effective weight loss alternative.
Gastric bypass surgery for diabetics
Doctors aim with this procedure to help the small intestine get rid of excess glucose in diabetic patients.
Gastric bypass surgery often improves symptoms of type 2 diabetes, even before weight loss begins.
“The main principle is that after the stomach is bypassed, the intestine becomes the most important tissue for glucose use and this lowers blood sugar levels,” said Dr. Nicholas Stilopoulos, a researcher in the division of endocrinology at Boston Children’s Hospital and Boston College of Medicine.
Conditions of gastric bypass surgery?
Gastric bypass surgery is used in cases of severe obesity, after an assessment of body mass, according to the following:
- A high body mass index of more than 40 kilograms per square meter, whether or not there are complications of obesity.
- High body mass index between 35-40 kilograms per square meter, and the presence of a serious obesity complication, such as diabetes, sleep disorders, snoring, high blood pressure, coronary artery disease and others.
- High body mass index between 30-35 kilograms per square meter, difficulty controlling sugar levels or the presence of metabolic syndrome.
- Candidates are evaluated based on one of the above criteria, based on a comprehensive multidisciplinary evaluation, usually conducted by a bariatric surgeon, dietitian, and psychological counselor.
Advantages of gastric bypass
It is true that all weight loss surgeries lead to weight loss in one way or another, but there are still some anatomical or physiological factors that encourage or prevent bypass surgery.
Examples include:
- Gastric bypass surgery improves tissue response to insulin more than other surgery, and this may be a reason for preferring it over other surgeries, especially for patients with type 2 diabetes, fatty liver patients, and people with metabolic syndrome, as well as ovarian cysts, as the commonality between these diseases is the presence of Insulin resistance in tissues.
- In patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease, especially if there are complications, gastric bypass surgery is the most appropriate procedure for them than gastric sleeve surgery.
- On the contrary, patients who take non-narcotic analgesics or cortisone in the long term, due to certain diseases, or chronic pain, as well as patients with chronic enteritis, gastric bypass surgery is not the most appropriate option for them, but the sleeve gastrectomy is their appropriate and most beneficial option. .
Gastric bypass surgery side effects
- dumping syndrome;
- hernia;
- Internal bleeding or bleeding from the incision.
- Perforation of the stomach or intestines.
How long does gastric bypass surgery take?
Gastric bypass surgery usually takes between two and three hours.
How is gastric bypass laparoscopic?
Laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery involves making five to six small incisions in the abdomen through which a small endoscope connected to a video camera and surgical tools are inserted.
The surgeon staples the upper part of the stomach so that it is separated from the lower part to create a small stomach pouch.
A part of the small intestine – called the jejunum – is then attached to the small stomach pouch to allow food to bypass the lower part of the stomach, the duodenum; This bypass reduces the amount of calories and nutrients the body absorbs.
Vitamins after gastric bypass surgery
Vitamins and supplements should be taken daily to prevent malnutrition.
Doctors recommend that patients with shunt surgery take vitamins and calcium along with vitamin D, iron, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin B12.
Gastric bypass surgery results
Gastric bypass surgery helps in permanent and significant weight loss, as the percentage of lost weight reaches about 60% of excess weight within two years, and may reach more than that, in addition to helping it improve the quality of your life and your ability to do many activities, in addition to This may treat or prevent several diseases, such as:
- Acid reflux into the esophagus.
- heart disease
- Hypertension
- high cholesterol
- Sleep disturbances and snoring.
- Type 2 diabete .
- The occurrence of stroke.
- infertility;
